MySQL数据库命令窗口中文乱码或插入中文数据失败

在Windwos上使用命令窗口操作MySQL数据库时，如果命令窗口的字符编码与数据库不一致时，就会出现中文乱码的情况

比如查询会出现中文乱码，或者插入数据会出现错误“ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: 'xD5xC5xC8xFD' for column 'name' at row 1”

mysql> insert into user(name,gender,age) values('张三','男',22);  
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: 'xD5xC5xC8xFD' for column 'name' at row 1  
mysql> select * from user;  
+----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+  
| id | name | gender | age | updated_time |  
+----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+  
| 1 | zhangsan | M | 22 | 2018-10-31 17:03:25 |  
| 2 | 寮犱笁 | 鐢? | 22 | 2018-11-01 09:01:43 |  
+----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+  
2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

这时可以先查看下环境编码配置，我的是utf8，结果是下面这样

mysql> show variables like 'char%';  
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+  
| Variable_name            | Value                                                   |  
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+  
| character_set_client     | utf8                                                    |  
| character_set_connection | utf8                                                    |  
| character_set_database   | utf8                                                    |  
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                  |  
| character_set_results    | utf8                                                    |  
| character_set_server     | utf8                                                    |  
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                    |  
| character_sets_dir       | C:Program FilesMySQLMySQL Server 5.5sharecharsets |  
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+  
8 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

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